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Lesson 34: Rewriting to reintroduce TKK books; the changes in brief

Some of the TKK books now rewritten Rewriting TKK series Lulogooli books has helped to structure words that a reader would miss out or be mixed on pronouns, tenses, intonation and native’s applied accent. An L2, reading Book 2B; “Lidiku lia kiitu” /lidiku Lyechitu/, would easily find the words in a diction search as one good user earlier belaboured English translations of the words using a pencil. Primarily, the rewriting has harmonized the letters “ts, dz and z” to “z”, “r and l” to “l”, noun class “e and i” to “i”, second person object “mo and mu” to “mu”, third person object referred by “o” (ololi) 1 , “u” (uvuuki) 2 and “a” (avee) 3 to “a” and a few more others. From this chart you can identify some changes in title names Secondly, agglutination has been checked. In instances of over separation or over agglutination of morphemes that makes the word not only unnatural but ungrammatical too. From the book, “Ingoko Iagota” /Engoko Yagota/, page 24 paragraph 2 has the sentence: “Ni...
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Lesson 14 : Word negation "si" & "ta


Discussion

A word in Lulogooli is negated by using prefixes “si” or “ta”. 

To negate is to say the action is not happening, did not happen or it will not happen. In Lulogooli, it is “kugaya”, from verb “gaya” that means to refuse or deny.

Example words are “siulimaa”(you are not digging) and “atalimaa”(the one not digging). 

In the above, negative “si” always comes first in a word while “ta” comes after another prefix(es), pronoun “a”. This is the main difference about the two. 

Other examples are: “sikiloli”(it did not see), “vakitalolaa” (the ones not yet seeing), “siamonyooli”(she did not find him), “vulitalula”(one that will never ferment). 

Whereas “si” generally confirms an action that is not, “ta” does portray a more absolute stance on not happening. “ta” is used as an order. 

Examples of “ta” as “an order not to” are; “utazya”(do not go), “atamuvoolela”(he should not tell you), “vitageenda”(they(things) should not walk”. 

For “si”, it is also used to emphasize on a happening, sometimes to clear any doubt. When used so, it is not attached as part of the word as in: “si kumuloli”(we did see you), “si valimi”(they surely dug). 

Affirmatory “si” above gives assistance to the verb in a sentence. Here “si” can be said to be an auxiliary verb. 

For the negators “si” and “ta”, they can be used together for double negation in words as: “simutamukuba”(you should not beat her), “sivitavita”(they should not pass). 

Exercise

  1. For the examples given in the Discussion above, please add two words for each. 
  2. Read aloud the “si” used for negation and “si” used as an auxiliary verb. Do you notice any difference?

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